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A computer network is a set of nodes connected by communication links. A node can be any device that is capable of sending and receiving data generated by other nodes in the network. A communication link can be a wired link or wireless link. The link carries information. Communication can happen through intermediary devices.
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A network saves a lot of infrastructure cost by creating the capability of resource sharing.Basic characteristics of computer network:Fault tolerance, Scalability Quality of service , Security
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Fault tolerance: The ability to continue working despite failures. Ensure no loss of service.
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Scalability: It is the ability to grow based on the needs. And have a good performance while growing.
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Quality of service: It is the ability to set priorities and manage data traffic to reduce data loss, delay etc. In real time application delay matters a lot when compared to data(email) which is not real time. So understanding which data must be prioritized is important.
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Security: The ability to prevent unauthorized access, misuse, forgery, etc. And provide confidentiality, integrity and availability.
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Data communication: is the exchange of data between two nodes. Different types of data flows: simplex, half duplex and duplex or full duplex.
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All communication schemes will have: Source or sender , Destination or receiver , Channel or media.
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Protocol governs the methods of communication. i.e it is a set of rules that govern data communication.
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Protocols in network communication: The protocols used in the network communications also define: Message encoding, formatting and encapsulation, timing, size, and delivery options.